Brihadeeswara Temple, also known as the Big Temple, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the largest temples in India. Built in the 11th century, it features incredible architecture, stunning sculptures, and a towering Shiva lingam. Visitors should dress modestly and remove their shoes before entering the temple. A guide is recommended to fully appreciate the history and significance of the temple.
Also known as the Maratha Palace, this grand structure was the official residence of the Thanjavur Marathas from the 16th to the 19th century. It features vast courtyards, intricate carvings, and a museum showcasing the history and culture of the Thanjavur region. Visitors can explore the palace grounds at their own pace or opt for a guided tour for a more immersive experience.
Gangaikonda Cholapuram was once the capital of the Chola dynasty and is home to another UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Brihadeeswara Temple of Gangaikonda Cholapuram. This temple is older than the one in Thanjavur but is similarly impressive, boasting intricate carvings and a large Shiva lingam. Visitors can also explore the ruins of the royal palace, fortifications, and other temples in the complex.
Thiruvaiyaru is a small town known for its association with the great composer Saint Thyagaraja, who lived and died here. His samadhi, or final resting place, is located in the Thyagarajaswamy Temple, which also has a large music hall where an annual music festival is held in his honor. Visitors can also explore the local market, which sells agricultural produce and handicrafts.
If you have more time, consider visiting the other Chola temples in the area, such as Darasuram and Airavatesvara Temple. For those with less time, it's possible to visit Brihadeeswara Temple and Thanjavur Palace in a single day. Be sure to wear comfortable shoes as there is a lot of walking involved, and bring plenty of water and sunscreen.