Start your trip in Istanbul by visiting the Blue Mosque, also known as the Sultan Ahmed Mosque. This iconic landmark is famous for its stunning blue tiles and six minarets. Afterward, head to the Hagia Sophia Museum, a former church and mosque that's now a museum filled with history and artifacts. End the day at the Grand Bazaar, a bustling market that's home to over 4,000 shops selling everything from jewelry to spices.
Take a hot air balloon ride at sunrise to get breathtaking views of the unique landscapes of Cappadocia. Then, explore the Goreme Open-Air Museum, a UNESCO World Heritage site that's home to rock-cut churches and fascinating frescoes. After that, visit the Uchisar Castle, a rock-cut castle that towers over the surrounding area. End the day with a hike in the Rose Valley, taking in the stunning views of the rock formations at sunset.
Start the day by enjoying a traditional Turkish breakfast before heading to the Avanos, a charming town known for its ceramics. Visit a local pottery workshop to see how they make the signature red clay pottery that's unique to the area. Continue your day with a visit to the Pasabag Valley, a unique area filled with mushroom-shaped rock formations. End the day with a sunset horseback ride through the valleys of Cappadocia.
Make the journey to Pamukkale, a natural wonder known for its stunning white calcium terraces. Visit the Hierapolis Archaeological Site, an ancient city that's now a UNESCO World Heritage site with well-preserved ruins of temples, baths, and a theater. End the day at the Cleopatra Pools, where you can relax and soak in the mineral-rich thermal waters.
Start the day by exploring the stunning Pamukkale Travertine Terraces, a series of natural pools with cascading mineral waterfalls. Afterward, visit the red springs at Karahayit, a natural mineral spring that's said to have healing properties. End the day with a relaxing Turkish bath at Colossae Thermal Spa Hotel.
Take a morning flight back to Istanbul and spend your last day exploring the city's iconic landmarks. Visit the Topkapi Palace, a former residence of Ottoman sultans that's now a museum filled with art and artifacts. Afterward, visit the Basilica Cistern, an underground section of the city's water supply system that dates back to ancient times. End the day with a stroll through the Ortakoy, a charming neighborhood on the waterfront with scenic views of the Bosphorus.
Spend your last day in Istanbul exploring the city's vibrant culture. Visit the Spice Bazaar, also known as the Egyptian Bazaar, to see a colorful selection of spices, teas, and sweets. Then visit the Galata Tower, a medieval tower that offers panoramic views of the city skyline. End the day with a relaxing Turkish bath at Cagaloglu Hamami.
Transportation between each location will require flights or buses. A plane ticket from Istanbul to Cappadocia costs around 350 TL, while a bus ticket from Cappadocia to Pamukkale costs around 150 TL. A plane ticket from Denizli to Istanbul costs around 200 TL. Travelers should also factor in the cost of taxis or public transportation to get from airports/bus stations to their accommodations.
If you have more time, consider adding a visit to the Ephesus Archaeological Museum, located near Pamukkale, or take a day trip to the Princes' Islands near Istanbul. If you have less time, consider skipping Pamukkale or limiting your time in Istanbul to one or two days.
Istanbul has two airports: Istanbul Airport (IST) and Sabiha Gokcen International Airport (SAW). Istanbul Airport is the main international airport, located 35 km from the city center, while Sabiha Gokcen International Airport is located on the Asian side of Istanbul, about 45 km from the city center. Denizli Cardak Airport (DNZ) is the closest airport to Pamukkale, located about 66 km away.