What should I know before visiting Kolkata?

Direct answer

Kolkata (Calcutta) is a vibrant, historic city in eastern India known for culture, food, and colonial architecture. Plan for warm, humid weather, crowds, and a rich cultural experience.

Visa / Entry requirements

• Most foreign visitors need an Indian visa; check india.gov.in or your nearest Indian consulate for e-Visa and sticker visa options and apply well before travel.
• Ensure passport validity of at least six months and blank pages for stamping.
• Carry a printed copy of your visa and passport ID page while traveling.

Best time to visit

• October to March: pleasant temperatures (15–30°C), dry weather — ideal for sightseeing and festivals (Durga Puja if traveling in Oct/Nov when dates vary yearly).
• April to June: hot and humid; afternoon temperatures often exceed 35°C.
• June to September: monsoon season — heavy rains can cause localized flooding and slow transport.

Safety tips

• Kolkata is generally safe for tourists, but standard urban precautions apply.
• Avoid poorly lit or deserted areas at night; use trusted taxi apps (Ola, Uber) or pre-paid taxis from stands.
• Keep valuables secure and be cautious of pickpockets in crowded markets, trains, and on trams.
• Use bottled water; avoid tap water for drinking and ice from uncertain sources.

Local customs and etiquette

• Greet with a simple "Namaste" (folded hands) or a handshake in urban, business settings.
• Dress modestly for religious sites: cover shoulders and knees; women may be asked to remove footwear.
• Public displays of affection are frowned upon in conservative areas.
• Bargaining is expected in street markets but be polite and smile.

Currency and money matters

• Indian Rupee (INR). Carry cash for small purchases; cards widely accepted in hotels, larger restaurants, malls.
• ATMs are common but can run out of cash, especially during festivals — keep some reserve cash.
• Use official money changers or banks for currency exchange; avoid street exchangers.

Transportation within Kolkata

• By app taxi: Ola and Uber operate across the city — convenient and safer for tourists.
• Black-and-yellow taxis: metered street taxis are available; insist on meter or negotiate fare before starting.
• Trams: one of the world’s oldest operating tram networks — a charming (slow) way to see parts of the city.
• Metro: modern, air-conditioned, fast for key corridors (limited network but expanding).
• Buses and suburban trains: extensive and cheap but crowded and less tourist-friendly.
• Rickshaws: cycle rickshaws serve short distances in older neighborhoods — agree the fare in advance.

Must-know tips and local insights

• Food: Don’t miss Bengali cuisine — try fish preparations (macher jhol), sweets like rosogolla and sandesh, kathi rolls, and street snacks (phuchka). Choose busy stalls with high turnover for safety.
• Language: Bengali is the local language; Hindi and English are widely understood in the city.
• Power/plug: 230 V, 50 Hz, plug types C/D/M — carry an adapter and a power bank.
• Sightseeing: Key attractions — Victoria Memorial, Indian Museum, Howrah Bridge, Dakshineswar Kali Temple, Belur Math, Kumartuli (puppet/toy and idol-makers), Park Street for dining and nightlife.
• Festivals: Durga Puja is Kolkata’s biggest cultural event — plan and book early if visiting then.
• Tipping: Common in restaurants (5–10% if service charge not included); small tips for drivers, hotel porters, guides appreciated.
• Climate preparedness: Carry light breathable clothing, sun protection, and rain gear if visiting during monsoon.

Practical advice

• Accommodation: Stay in neighborhoods like Park Street, Ballygunge, Alipore, Salt Lake, or near the Esplanade area for central access.
• Connectivity: Buy a local SIM (Airtel/Jio/Vi) at the airport or stores with passport and photo ID for internet and calls.
• Health: Carry basic medications, insect repellent, and any prescription meds. Seek care at reputable hospitals for serious issues.

Quick checklist before you go

• Valid visa, passport with 6+ months validity
• Some INR cash and at least one card that works internationally
• Phone unlocked or plan to buy local SIM
• Power adapter, comfortable shoes, reusable water bottle
• Basic medicines, sunscreen, lightweight rain jacket (seasonal)

Enjoy the cultural richness, food, and warm hospitality. Kolkata rewards patience and curiosity with memorable experiences.