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Samarkand is a historic Silk Road city in Uzbekistan known for its UNESCO-listed Registan, Timurid architecture, and rich cuisine. Plan for visa/entry rules, seasonal weather, local customs, and be prepared for limited English outside tourism hubs.
Visa & entry requirements
- Check your nationality: many countries are eligible for Uzbekistan e-visa or visa-free stays (varies by nationality). Apply online for an e-visa at the official gov.uz portal if required—allow several days for processing.
- Passport validity: generally at least 6 months from arrival; confirm with your consulate.
- Arrival: international flights arrive in Samarkand or via Tashkent with high-speed trains (Afrosiyob). Keep printed copies of e-visa if issued.
- Registration: hotels typically register foreign guests with authorities; if staying privately, ensure your host registers you.
Best time to visit
- Spring (April–June) and autumn (September–October): ideal—pleasant temperatures (15–25°C), blooming gardens in spring and comfortable sightseeing in autumn.
- Summer (July–August): very hot (often 35–45°C); bring sun protection, plan outdoor visits early/late.
- Winter (December–February): cold and occasionally snowy; some attractions remain open but daylight is short.
Safety tips
- Samarkand is generally safe for tourists; petty crime is the main concern—watch your belongings in crowded sites.
- Use hotel safes for passports and valuables when possible.
- Avoid political demonstrations. Follow local guidance from authorities.
- Tap water: not recommended for drinking—use bottled water.
- Health: bring any prescription meds with originals; pharmacies may have limited English.
Local customs & etiquette
- Dress modestly, especially when visiting mosques and mausoleums—cover shoulders and knees. Women may be asked to cover hair in some religious sites; carry a light scarf.
- Greetings: a handshake is common among men; wait for women to offer their hand. Use polite phrases: "Salom" (Hello) and thank you "Rahmat".
- Photography: always ask before photographing people; some religious sites limit photos or tripod use.
- Tipping: appreciated but not mandatory—10% in restaurants is fine; small tips for guides, drivers, and hotel staff are welcome.
Currency & payments
- Currency: Uzbekistani som (UZS). Carry cash for markets, bazaars, taxis, and smaller vendors.
- ATMs: available in Samarkand but may dispense limited denominations; carry some cash on arrival.
- Cards: accepted at larger hotels and restaurants, but many places are cash-only. Currency exchange offices at airports and hotels; compare rates.
Transportation
- Getting there: direct international flights to Samarkand or high-speed Afrosiyob trains from Tashkent (~2–3 hours). Night trains and intercity buses also operate.
- Around the city: taxis are the simplest option—agree fare or ensure meter is used. Ride-hailing apps exist but availability varies.
- Walking: central historic areas (Registan, Shah-i-Zinda) are walkable, but wear comfortable shoes for uneven pavements.
- Car hire: possible with driver; roads outside the city can be challenging—use reputable companies.
Must-know tips & local insights
- Prioritize sights: Registan Square, Shah-i-Zinda necropolis, Gur-e-Amir (Tamerlane’s mausoleum), Bibi-Khanym Mosque, Siyob Bazaar, Ulugh Beg Observatory.
- Hire a licensed local guide for richer historical context—group tours and private guides are widely available at sites and hotels.
- Timings: many major monuments open early morning to late afternoon; check closing days/times and buy tickets at official counters to avoid scams.
- Markets & shopping: barter gently at bazaars; popular buys include silk, ceramics, suzani embroideries, and spices.
- Food: try plov (national rice dish), shashlik, somsa, and local breads. Street food is tasty but choose busy stalls with high turnover.
- Connectivity: buy a local SIM (Uzbekistan mobile plans) at the airport or city kiosk for data; expect slower speeds outside major centers.
- Cultural events: check for Navruz (spring New Year) celebrations in March and local festivals—great for experiencing traditional music and food.
Practical checklist
- Valid passport and e-visa printout (if applicable)
- Local currency (UZS) and backup card
- Sun protection, hat, and comfortable walking shoes
- Light scarf for women (mosques), modest clothing
- Portable charger and local SIM or roaming plan
- Small phrasebook or translation app
Enjoyment tip
Start early at Registan to avoid crowds and heat; linger in a teahouse to sample local tea and plov while taking in the city’s atmosphere.