Begin your adventure with a visit to the magnificent Colosseum - the largest amphitheater which was used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles. Spend a few hours exploring the various levels and viewing the exhibitions. Walk to the Palatine Hill next and visit the ruins of imperial palaces, and then down to the Roman Forum where you can see some of the most important ancient buildings such as the Triumphal Arches, the Basilicas, and the Temple of Saturn. End the day with a delicious Italian dinner at the Piazza Navona, a large and lively square full of outdoor cafes and restaurants.
Visit Vatican City, the smallest country in the world and the headquarter of the Roman Catholic Church. Start with the Vatican Museums, where you can admire the Sistine Chapel and numerous works of art. Next, proceed to St. Peter's Basilica, the centerpiece of Vatican City, and the largest Catholic church in the world. Afterward, cross the River Tiber to the Castel Sant'Angelo, a stunning fortress and former papal residence. Take in the incredible views of Rome from the top of the castle before enjoying a relaxing evening in the trendy Trastevere neighborhood, filled with narrow alleys, small bars, and restaurants offering authentic Italian cuisine.
Dedicate your last day to explore the more modern aspects of Rome. Start at the Spanish Steps, a famous stairway leading to the Trinita dei Monti Church. Next, head to the Trevi Fountain, a beautiful Baroque fountain that draws locals and tourists alike. Continue to the Pantheon, which Roman used as a temple and now serves as a church. End your trip with the Villa Borghese Gardens, a large park in the heart of the city with verdant gardens ponds, galleries, and museums. You can rent a bike or a boat, enjoy a picnic or a coffee break before heading back home.
If you have more time, consider visiting Ostia Antica, an ancient port city just 30 minutes by train from Rome. You can also take a day trip to Naples or Pompeii, both accessible by train. For museum lovers, don't miss the Capitoline Museums, and the National Roman Museum. If you have less time, skip the Palatine Hill and the Roman Forum, as they require more time and energy to enjoy it fully. Vatican Museums and St. Peter's Basilica can have long lines, consider booking skip-the-line tickets in advance. And as always, wear comfortable shoes and carry plenty of water as it can get very hot in Rome in the summer.