Start the trip by exploring the Old Quarter, a maze of streets filled with shops and street vendors. Visit the Temple of Literature, Vietnam's first university founded in 1070, and experience the local cuisine by trying a bowl of pho, a popular local noodle soup dish. End the day by watching a traditional Water Puppet Show.
Take an early morning overnight train to Sapa, a mountainous town near the Chinese border. Experience the local Hmong and Dao cultures by taking a trekking tour in the surrounding hills or visit the Bac Ha Market, a colorful weekly market where local ethnic minorities gather to trade goods.
Take a 4-hour drive from Sapa to Halong Bay, a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its emerald waters and towering limestone islands. Take a boat tour to explore the bay's many caves and grottoes or try a sea kayaking adventure to explore the islands up close. Spend the night on board or on Cat Ba Island.
Drive to Ninh Binh, a scenic province known for its karst landscape and ancient temples. Take a biking tour to visit the Hoa Lu Ancient Capital and the picturesque Tam Coc caves, also known as the "Halong Bay on land". End the day by watching the Bai Dinh Pagoda light show.
Take a long drive to Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its spectacular cave systems. Take a cave exploration tour to visit the world's largest cave, Hang Son Doong, or take a zip-line tour over the jungle canopy. Spend the night in the nearby town of Dong Hoi.
Take a drive to Hoi An, a charming town known for its well-preserved Ancient Town and delicious food. Take a cooking class to learn how to make local specialties like cao lau or banh mi, or take a bicycle tour of the surrounding countryside. End the day by taking a lantern-making class and admiring the colorful lanterns that light up the town at night.
If you have more time, consider adding a visit to the Cu Chi Tunnels near Ho Chi Minh City or taking a motorbike tour of the Ha Giang Loop. If you have less time, consider skipping Sapa or Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park and spend more time exploring Hanoi or Hoi An. Don't forget to pack comfortable trekking shoes and quick-drying clothes for the outdoor activities.